Heat plate, draft-free box, dry bedding, water on a stand, and a tip-proof feeder. That’s 90% of success.

We prefer heat plates for safety and sleep. If you must lamp, double-secure it, as in house-fire serious.

Usually 4–6 weeks or until fully feathered. Start at 95° and lower warmth by 5° weekly. Watch behavior: huddled=cold; panting=hot; exploring=just right.

90/10 rule. Treats are fun; feed is nutrition. Add chick grit if giving anything beyond starter.

Only for heat stress, shipping, or illness guidance. Day-to-day: clean water + complete feed.

No—unless you’re brooding chicks. Landrace breeds (like Hedemora, Icelandics, Swedish Flower, Shetland, and Ölandsk Dwarf) are bred for cold and do best with dry, draft-free ventilation, a windbreak, wide roosts, deep bedding, and unfrozen water, not coop heaters.

More space, multiple feed/water stations, and boredom busters. Separate the bully briefly if there’s blood.